～The Story of the tea ceremony Master, Family Sen ～ 茶道家元の話
Welcome to the Tea Ceremony Time！
My name is Sayaka Sakai, and I am the owner of the Tea Ceremony Time.
This tea room is a place where you can learn about the tea ceremony from various angles.
I would appreciate it if you could join me until the end.
Tea Ceremony Timeへようこそ！
Tea Ceremony Time主催の酒井沙弥香です。
この茶室は、茶道をさまざまな角度から学べる場所です。
最後までお付き合いいただければ幸いです。
This time’s theme is here!
“The Story of the tea ceremony Master, Family Sen”
今回のテーマはこちら！
「茶道家元の話」
About the name Sen no Rikyu 千利休の名前について
There are many schools of tea ceremony, and the person who serves as the head of a particular school and oversees its various branches is called a “iemoto” in Japanese.
茶道には多くの流派があり、流派の長のことを「家元」と呼びます。
The iemoto of a school of tea ceremony is usually a descendant of Sen no Rikyu, who is considered the founder of modern tea ceremony, or someone with a close connection to him or his descendants.
茶道の家元は、通常、近代茶道の創始者とされる千利休の子孫、
または利休の子孫の娘が嫁いだ「久田家」から養子をとります。
The genealogy of the Sen family 千家の家系図
Among them, we will focus on the school established by descendants of Sen no Rikyu, known as the San-Senke, for the purpose of this discussion.
その中でも、今回は「三千家」と呼ばれる千利休の子孫が開いた流派について
書いていきます。
While this is a simplified genealogy chart, the individuals enclosed in red circles represent the founders of each of the three schools of the San-Senke.
The founders of the three schools of the San-Senk 三千家の創始者
4th generation of Omotesenke: KouShin Sousa
1st generation of Urasenke: Sensou Soushitsu
1st generation of Mushanokojisenke: Ichio Soushu
4代目表千家家元：江岑宗左（こうしんそうさ）
1代目裏千家家元：仙叟宗室（せんそうそうしつ）
1代目武者小路千家：一翁宗守（いちおうそうしゅ）
I can see how it might look like a spell (laughs), but each of these is a person’s name.
呪文のようにに見えますが笑、
これはそれぞれ家元の名前です。
Sen no Rikyu had two wives, and after his death, his son Doan, from his first wife who had already passed away, and his stepson Shoan, from his second wife, inherited the tea tradition.
千利休には二人の妻がいましたが、
彼の死後、すでに亡くなっていた最初の妻との間に生まれた息子の道安と、
二番目の妻の連れ子である少庵が茶道を継ぎました。
Shoan formally inherited Rikyu’s teachings and also married Rikyu’s daughter, which meant that Shoan’s son, Sotan, carried on Rikyu’s bloodline.
少庵は正式に利休の教えを継承し、
利休の娘と結婚したため、
少庵の息子である宗旦が利休の血統を継承したことになります。
The iemoto of the three schools of the San-Senke, descendants of Sotan, became the official successors inheriting Rikyu’s bloodline.
なので、宗旦の子孫である三千家の家元は
利休の血を正式に継承しています。
How were the names of the schools of tea ceremony chosen? 各流派の名前はどのように決まったのか？
The names of the Omotesenke, Urasenke, and Mushanokoji senke schools of tea ceremony were actually chosen based on the location where each family’s house was built or the name of the street.
表千家、裏千家、武者小路千家といった茶道の流派名は、
実はそれぞれの家の建っていた場所や通りの名前からつけられたものです。
The Omotesenke school inherited the legitimate lineage of Rikyu and also the ownership of tea rooms associated with Rikyu. Later, they built new tea rooms on the back side of the property where those tea rooms were located and created a new school, which they named Urasenke.
表千家は利休の正統な家系を受け継ぎ、利休ゆかりの茶室も継承しました。
その後、その茶室があった敷地の裏手に新たな茶室を建て、
裏千家と名付けた流派が誕生しました。
And because they established their family’s head residence on the Mushanokoji street, they were named “Mushanokoji Senke”.
そして武者小路通りに本邸を構えたことから
「武者小路千家」と称されました。
The family name of all the three families of the Sen tradition is “Sen.” 3千家の苗字は全て「千」
Some people are surprised to hear this, but the family name of all members of the San-Senke (Three Sen Houses) is “Sen”.
驚かれる方もいらっしゃるかもしれませんが、
三千家は全員「千」という苗字です。
As you visit the house of the family head, you will notice that a signboard with the calligraphy of the character “千” is installed on the gatepost of their residence.
当主の家を訪ねると、門柱に「千」の字を書いた表札が
掲げられています。
Some people may not connect the names of the tea ceremony schools with the surnames of their leaders, but when they learn about it, they often say “Ah, I see! That makes sense!”
茶道の流派名とその流派の家元の苗字を結び付けて考えない人もいるかもしれませんが、
調べてみると「なるほど！なるほど！」と納得することが多いものです。
The surname “Sen” can only be inherited by the head of the family, the iemoto.
「千」の姓は家元のみが継承できる。
*However, please note that this information specifically pertains to the Omotesenke school, and other schools may have different rules.
※ただし、この情報は表千家流に限定したものであり、
他の流派ではルールが異なる場合がありますのでご了承ください。
Therefore, if there is a male child who will not become the next head of the family, when they get married, they create a new surname and register it in a new family registry.
そのため、次期当主とならない男児がいる場合は、
結婚の際に新たな姓を作り、新しい戸籍に登録します。
You may wonder if it’s really possible to “create a new surname,” but it’s actually an ancient custom that has been officially permitted by the government.
「新しい苗字を作る」なんて本当に可能なの？！と思うかもしれませんが、
実はこれは政府によって正式に認められた古くからの慣習です。
By the way, it seems that the new surname is chosen based on Sen no Rikyu. For example, “Mikimachi” or “Sakai”.
ちなみに、新しい苗字は千利休のゆかりのあるものが選ばれるそうです。
例えば「三木町」とか「左海(堺からとってさかい)」とか。
Summary of the day 本日のまとめ
The history of the family heads (iemoto) is also interesting!
家元の歴史もまたおもしろい！
Did you enjoy it?
That concludes my tea ceremony for today.
I am looking forward to seeing you again.
楽しんでいただけましたか？
本日のお茶会はこれで終了です。
またお会いできるのを楽しみにしています。
If you would like to watch the video, please click here▼
動画をご覧になりたい方は、こちらをクリックしてください▼
